He was an assistant station tender for the Pony Express at the Rock Creek, Nebraska station. He told Clemmons (Hardin) to stay out of trouble in Abilene and asked him to hand over his guns, and Hardin complied. Includes citations for all sources. It is said he met the famous frontiersman Kit Carson while so employed. Hickok rode Buckshot while 300-pound Jingles rode Joker. Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. Hickok had put two bullets into Coe's abdomen,but seeing someone else running into the gunfight, with a drawn gun, Hickok fired again not recognizing his friend. His father was said to have used the family house, now demolished, as a station on the Underground Railroad. [65][66], McCall was summoned before an informal "miners' jury" (an ad hoc local group of miners and businessmen). The fifth card is debated, or, as some say, had been discarded and its replacement had not yet been dealt. The murderer escaped. Yes, if it was necessary. One night while wandering around New York City he came into a pool room. The request produced two very interesting results. [25][26]:136 Hickok had not been paid for some time, and was hired as a scout by General John B. Sanborn by early 1865. This cemetery filled quickly, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of Hickok's original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok's remains to the new Mount Moriah Cemetery. Hickok and his accomplices, the station manager Horace Wellman, his wife, and an employee, J.W. Arrested as Haycock in 1865, he then resumed his real name of James Hickok. The killing of Wild Bill and the capture of Jack McCall is reenacted every evening (in summer) in Deadwood.[45]. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. Hickok met his true and only wife while Marshal of Abilene. There are many stories concerning why there was bad feeling between Coe and Hickok. Citizens warned Mulvey to behave, because Hickok was sheriff. Play Audio. His exploits in the West were published in an . By the end of 1861, he was a wagon master, but in September 1862, he was discharged for unknown reasons. Recently, a "photo" of the mysterious Captain O'Neil surfaced. On September 1, Hickok was in Elkhorn township in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was hired as a scout by the 10th Calvary Regiment, a segregated African-American unit. "[18] He proved to be a terrible actor and returned to the West, where he ran for sheriff in Ellsworth County, Kansas, on November 5, 1867, but was defeated by former soldier E.W. On July 21, 1865, the two men faced off in Springfield's town square, standing sideways before drawing and firing their weapons. It is well known that Hickok got on very well with children. When he did go on patrol he would walk down the center of the street, rarely using the sidewalks. Agnes Lake and James Butler Hickok were finally married on March 5th, 1876. While he was growing up, his father's farm was one of the stops on the Underground Railroad, and he learned his shooting skills protecting the farm with his father from slave catchers. Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. Hickok's killing of Whistler the Peacemaker with a long-range rifle shot had influence in preventing the Sioux from uniting to resist the settler incursions into the Black Hills. In my opinion, these would be the "cold and timid souls who know neither victory or defeat", in the "arena" of life, spoken of by Theodore Roosevelt. After the war, he served as marshall in several rough frontier towns, and as a cavalryman in the "Indian Wars." Mr. Hickok was assassinated in Deadwood, South Dakota on August 2, 1876. McCanles formed the habit of calling Hickok "Duck Bill", due to some perceived facial characteristics. Using the name "Wild Bill Hitchcock" (sic), the article recounted the hundreds of men whom Hickok supposedly personally killed and other exaggerated exploits. The incident helped contribute to the overall failure of the show. Hardin was a well-known gunfighter, and is known to have killed more than 27 men. They pull their guns and shoot. That woman was "Sarah Shull". Utter.". In 1876, Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker in a saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (present-day South Dakota) by Jack McCall, an unsuccessful gambler. James Butler Hickok, a.k.a. Fiction would later show this kind of gunfight as typical, but Hickok's is in fact the only one on record that fits the portrayal. In accordance with her dying wish, Calamity Jane was buried next to him. JAMES BUTLER, UNIS KINSLEY WILD BILL HICKOK By Carole Johnson October 06, 2004 at 08:14:50. True Story: Wild Bill Hickok, Sheriff Of Deadwood One of the most fascinating historical figures from the days of the American wild west is Wild Bill Hickok. Hickok's gravesite is also in Deadwood. The men, women, and children of his own time echoed the words of that old woman of Abilene, "He was a grand man, Marshal Hickok, a grand man". My 8th Grandfather was Thomas Fairchild, a founder of Stratford, CT, and I come thru the lineage of his son, Joseph.Anyway, I also recently noticed a celebrity tree on Genealogy.com that links Wild Bill Hickok with Fairchilds, as . The original wooden grave marker was moved to the new site, but by 1891, it had been destroyed by souvenir hunters whittling pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. In 1855, at the age of 18, Hickok moved to Kansas Territory following a fight with Charles Hudson, which resulted in both falling into a canal. This isolated snapshot of Hickok's life is revealing. [74] He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman. The Barnett show eventually proved to be a financial disaster, causing Mr. Barnett serious monetary problems. At the urging of Calamity Jane, Utter in 1879 had Hickok reinterred in a ten-foot-square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence with a U.S. flag flying nearby. "Aces and eights" thus is known as the "Dead Man's Hand". The gun did not sell because the highest bid of $220,000 was less than the reserve set by the gun's owners.[76]. He seemed to have respect for Hickok's abilities and replied, "If Bill needs killing, why don't you kill him yourself? Later that year he became a teamster with the great freighting enterprise Russell, Majors and Waddell, creators of the Pony Express, for which he was too tall and heavy to be a rider. Guess they weren't fans of The Simpsons. The family home even had a hidden cellar which they would use to hide the escapees. [15] He grew a moustache following the McCanles incident, and in 1861 began calling himself "Wild Bill".[16][17]. He told Mrs. McCanles he was sorry he had to kill her man then took out $35 [$1,056 in 2021 dollars] and gave it to her saying: "This is all I have, sorry I do not have more to give you." McCall was subsequently rearrested after bragging about his deed, and a new trial was held. Legend has it that Hickok had lost his stake and had just borrowed $50 from the house to continue playing. The fifth card was either unknown, or some say that it had not yet been dealt. 10 in Deadwood, in the Black Hills, Dakota Territory. On July 21, 1865, in the town square of Springfield, Missouri, Hickok killed Davis Tutt, Jr. in a "quick draw" duel. [20], On July 12, 1861, David McCanles went to the Rock Creek Station office to demand an overdue property payment from Horace Wellman, the station manager. Shoot Out with "Wild Bill" Hickok, 1869 Buffalo Bill Entertains a Russian Grand Duke, 1872 Battle With The Apache, 1872 Captured by the Arapaho, 1875 Encounter with the Texas Rangers, 1876 Custer's Last Stand Traveling on an Emigrant Train, 1879 The Death Of Billy The Kid, 1881 Ranchers and Farmers Collide in Nebraska, 1884 A Cowboy in Dodge City Upon Hickoks arrival, she told him that a Confederate gang led by McCanles was pursuing him, and almost immediately they were set upon by the Confederates. [7] Photographs of Hickok appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was red. The man's name was H.C. Lindsay, and he and Hickok knew each other from old Indian campaign days. Hardin alleged that when his cousin, Mannen Clements, was jailed for the killing of two cowhands (Joe and Dolph Shadden) in July 1871, Hickokat Hardin's requestarranged for his escape. On Sept. 6, 1941 the U.S. Dept. They were originally good friends,[12] but they eventually fell out over a woman, and it was rumored that Hickok once had an affair with Tutt's sister, perhaps fathering a child. Fiction later typified this kind of gunfight, but Hickok's is in fact the first one on record that fits the portrayal. CatherineErnest6628. AllisonYsamo7744. William Orville "Wild Bill" Hickok III (August 23, 1874 - September 4, 1933) was an American football player and industrialist. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was exhumed, the noose was found still around his neck.[69]. The two men did not like each other, and trouble between them was inevitable. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunting ground to part no more. The above "gunfight" is the first recorded of a classical type of western shootout. Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok: With Guy Madison, Andy Devine, Sam Flint, William Haade. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. He is chiefly portrayed as a protagonist, although historical accounts of his actions are often controversial, and much of his career is known to have been exaggerated both by himself and by contemporary mythmakers. Hickok is known to have fatally shot six men and is suspected of having killed a seventh (McCanles). Hickok accused a J.V. Tutt called out, "Boys, I'm killed", before he collapsed and died. As a result, calcium carbonate from the surrounding soil had replaced the flesh, leading to petrifaction. Coe had been the business partner of known gunman Ben Thompson, with whom he co-owned the Bulls Head Saloon. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunting ground to part no more. On August 2, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. A man named Samuel Strawhun, a well known Hays city ruffian, decided to "clean out" one of the local saloons. Dismounting, he approached the bear and fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, infuriating it. His gunfighting skills eventually earned him the nickname "Wild Bill". McCanles was the first man Hickok was reputed to have killed in a fight. M Child 5: James Butler HICKOK also known as: Wild Bill Hickok died at age: 39 Born: 27-May-1837 in Homer (Troy Grove), La SalleCo, IL Died: 2-Aug-1876 in Deadwood, Dakota Territory Buried: 4 Aug 1876 in Mt. Was he a killer of men? It is generally conceded by historians that Hickok was attacked by the five troopers. Many attempts upon Hickok's life were made during these days. Was he shooting back? Outlaw John Wesley Hardin arrived in Abilene at the end of a cattle drive in early 1871. Hickok may have picked up the nickname Wild Bill for his daring fighting in the Union army during the Civil War, which included service as a spy, a scout, and a sharpshooter. [43], "As I write the closing lines of this brief sketch, word reaches me that the slayer of Wild Bill has been re-arrested by the United State authorities, and after trial has been sentenced to death for willful murder. Despite his reputation,[70] Hickok was buried in the Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original graveyard. The plot of the film is almost entirely fictional and bears little resemblance to the actual lives of the protagonists. This too was badly defaced which led to its complete enclosure in a cage for protection. Legend has it that Hickok was playing poker when he was shot, was holding a pair of aces, a pair of eights, and a queen. They had seen Hickok calmly shoot Tutt through the heart, at a distance of between 75 to 100 feet, and then turn on them instantly confident of his shot to Tutt. Not exactly the image some "historians" have given us concerning this fearsome gunfighter, but true none the less. In actuality, this kind of thing very rarely occurred, and the true life Western storieslike Wild Bill Hickok being shot in the back while playing cardstell a much more gruesome and less gallant tale. The county was having particular difficulty holding sheriffsthree had quit over the previous 18 months. James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok is arguably the best known Old West gunfighters and one of the West's most famous folk heroes both in his own day and today. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1982). There, again, he killed several men, including his deputy marshal, whose deaththe result of an accidental shootingled to Hickoks dismissal. Corrections? On several later occasions, Hickok was to confront and kill several men while fighting alone. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Inside were several local thugs playing pool, and when they saw the long haired frontiersman come in they thought they would have some sport with him. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane Calamity Jane Cannary and James Butler Wild Bill Hickok. A month or so later, he left their honeymoon in Cincinnati for the goldfields of the Black Hills in the Dakota Territory, where he hoped to make enough money to send for her. This caused Hickok, the greatest gunfighter in the West, to be unceremoniously dumped face first into the dirt, and to see his horse being dragged away by the buffalo. His life was an interesting one. Hickok lost a gold watch to Tutt in a poker game. Coe supposedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing," and Hickok's retort is one of the West's most famous sayings (though possibly apocryphal): "Did the crow have a pistol? In 1936 an old woman was interviewed about her recollections of old Abilene, and Hickok, during this time period. He was released on $2,000 bail and stood trial on August 3, 1865. Coe explained that he was shooting at a stray dog[30] but suddenly turned his gun on Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. The new trial was held in Yankton, capital of the territory. After the fact, there was much speculation as to whether romantic rivalry had had a role in the incident: Hickok was apparently involved with a woman who had also been involved with the married McCanles. Hickok was somewhat undecided though, thinking Agnes would return to the East after her show closed and he greatly preferred the West. Hickok, whose eyesight was poor by that time in his life due to the early stages of glaucoma, caught the glimpse of movement of someone running toward him. Lorenzo, and brother James, decided to take a hand,in the matter, and prevented any harm coming to the young man. Getty Images. [2] Martha Jane Cannary, known popularly as Calamity Jane, claimed in her autobiography that she was married to Hickok and had divorced him so that he could be free to marry Agnes Lake, but no records have been found that support Jane's account. Col. George Armstrong Custer. With his already evident skill in shooting , James brought in local game to add to the family larder. As the rider approached, she recognized the lone rider. May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, La Salle, Illinois, USA, Aug 2 1876 - Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, USA, May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, Lasalle, IL, USA, William Alonzo Hickok, Pamelia Polly Butler, Agnes Mersman, Martha Jane (Calamity Jane) Cannary, Horace Dewey Hickok, Oliver Otis Hickok, Lorenzo Butler Hickok, Lydia Hickok, Lorenzo Butler Hickok, Celinda Hickok, Homer, Troy Grove, LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, Mount Moriah Cemetery, Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, United States. Historians dispute this story, however, due to the lack of historical records to substantiate the information. While Tutt was consoling Moore, Hickok struck up a relationship with Tutt's sister! In December 1867, newspapers reported Hickok's arrival in Hays, Kansas. Calamity Jane is reputed to have led a mob that threatened McCall with lynching, but at the time of Hickok's death, Jane was actually being held by military authorities. According to Hardin's biography Hickok came to disarm Hardin one day, for violation of the gun carry laws enacted in Abilene. While they were in this town, Hickok is said to have taken a friend's daughter bullfrog hunting! Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok's didn't, piercing Tutt through the side from about 75 yards away. On July 21, 1865, in the town square of Springfield, Missouri, Hickok killed Davis K. Tutt, Jr. in a "quick draw" duel. In reality, they barely knew one another, having met only about a month before his death. Hickok interrupted him and then proceeded to tell the entire mob what he thought of them, and it wasn't complimentary. ", Hermon, Gregory (1987). [21], In his first month as sheriff in Hays, he killed two men in gunfights. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. This was at the time of the Indian Wars that counted the Great Plains as a battleground, and Hickok sometimes served as a scout for George A. Custer's 7th Cavalry.[2]. Hickok is on record as being fined, for participating in the altercation. Hickok family papers. Kingsbury. He quickly became known as a superb marksman. He would walk down the center of the street, eyes darting back and forth. Hickok is currently interred in a ten-foot (3 m) square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence with a U.S. flag flying nearby. Reported claims of her having had a relationship with Him would have produced laughter, if spoken during his lifetime, or in front of family or friends. He then asked them some questions concerning the man he was tracking. 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