This cactus of Texas and, to a lesser degree, northern Mexico, features a bright Indian Yellow flower. They are susceptible to root rot, so keeping them in well-drained soil is vital. The spiny pincushion cactus is a cylindrical or spherical cactus with reddish spikes. It blooms late winter to early summer and is ideal for desert landscaping and drought-tolerant gardens. It features small white-green flowers. This is an example of mutualism in nature; both species' survival depends on the other. This large cactus, the Balloon cactus, certainly lives up to its scientific name, the Parodia magnifica Many describe the appearance of this round cactus as magnificent. Other names for the Rats Tail Cactus are Whip Cactus and Rattail Cactus. The Crown Cactus is one of the first cacti to blossom in spring. Its nocturnal blooms are whitish with a hint of green and yellow. We recommend using the soak and dry method to know when your plant needs more water. The Balloon Cactus can grow up to 6 (15 cm) tall and measure 18 (45 cm) across. This species is limited to the deserts of Southeastern California, mostly in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. [2], The fruit of all species is said to be edible. This pricklypear is found in Arizona only in the Hualapai mountains. The species list for Cacti of Texas. The spines grow so thick over the surface that only some green of the plant shows through. The top of the cactus produces brightly colored yellow flowers that have a red center. Considering that they are Madagascar-native, its no surprise that they perform best in bright, direct sunlight. Lady Finger cactus is identified by its dense groups of wooly golden cylindrical stems. The Strawberry cactus is an outdoor desert cactus that blooms around late spring and produces stunning magenta flowers. It is often found in higher elevation deserts. (1). This rare hedgehog cactus feature s long, sharp spines, tinged with yellow. This dwarf cactus, known only from Texas, grows to 2 inches tall and features magenta-purple flowers. Some of the 14 most famous cactus species are bunny ears cactus plants, old lady cactus, balloon cactus, Christmas cactus, Saguaro cactus, San Pedro . The Opuntia cacti are recognized for their beaver-tail like pads. The Powder Puff cactus is shaped like a ball and it is a slow-growing variety of cactus which is surrounded by soft hairy spines. It is just packed with spines! Its really easy! This pricklypear of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands has a propagation strategy similar to the Jumping Cholla. This cactus, of Mexico and Texas, grows in thick thorn scrub and grasslands. Gymnocalycium baldianum is one of the varieties of chin cactus plants. The plants feature so many spikes on the surface that only some of the green body of the Button Cactus plants actually shows through. Unlike. Spiny Pincushion Cactus Super Red (Mammillaria spinosissima var. The Queen of the Night is a type of orchid cactus because of the beautiful flowers which resemble some orchid species. Rather than spines, it has tufts of "wool" sprouting from regularly spaced aureole. Notes on my travels to Joshua Tree National Park and the Western Mojave of Southern California. Eriosyce cactus is a small rounded fuzzy cactus with pink flowers. You can identify this desert cactus as it has the classic cactus appearance. This large cholla, known to the coastal regions of far Southern California and Mexico's Baja peninsula, can grow to lengths of nine feet. Being a type of tropical cactus, Queen of the Night cacti enjoy indirect sunlight throughout the day. Therefore, you need to plant them in soil that allows water to pass through it. From the various cacti in the Mammillaria family, the Powder Puff cactus is one of the easiest to care for. This cactus has multiple stems and can. It has long, woolly branches and orange or magenta colored flower. Peyote, or Lophophora williamsii, is a species of spineless cactus that contains the psychedelic chemical mescaline. This cold tolerant and sun-loving species' fruits are sometimes consumed. This clumping cactus, known from extremely hot regions of the Sonoran desert in both Mexico and Arizona, grows both outward and upward, forming dense, impenetrable thickets. This small pricklypear from Florida features a sweet fruit which is often grilled or made into jams and syrups. Its fruits are edible and the pads can be cooked. The segmented succulent leaves can grow 6 to 12 (15 30 cm) long and up to 24 (60 cm) wide. Email us at It features cool-toned yellow flowers. Acnam Infotech, Get the Succulent Tracker app in the Apple App Store, Get the Succulent Tracker app in the Google Play Store. Schultz Cactus Liquid Plant Food 2-7-7 is highly recommended by Sacred Buttons for use with all types of sacred cactus including peyote, San Pedro, and Peruvian Torch. This non-prickly cactus has identifiable pale-yellow blooms that appear in spring. It grows in Southern Arizona and the Mexican Sonoran desert. The funnel-type desert flowers have deep pink petals with a black and yellow center. Place the seeds in fresh soil, and use growing lights and a seed mat to increase the success chances. This species features brilliant bluish-purplish pads in winter. The Chin cactus originates in South America and is a small round type of indoor cactus. This cactus, which often forms multiple clumping stems, features tiny flowers. Some species of the Saguaro cacti grow arm-like structures, whereas others are just like a tall column. That is why some people wrongfully believe that Button Cactus plants are completely white or grey. It is known from southeastern Arizona, southern New Mexico, Texas and northern Mexico. The cactus create a stunning display throughout the year. One of the most recognizeable cacti of the Sonoran desert in Mexico, this large species is known only in and near Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument in Arizona. peyote, ( Lophophora williamsii ), also called mescal button, species of hallucinogenic cactus (family Cactaceae ). The clumps of globular stems are covered with a woolly, white downy substance giving the cactus a soft appearance. The Feather cactus has rounded wooly shape with white flowers. It features long spines and yellow flowers. It features a unique look with matted white spines, and small brownish-red flowers. In some parts of the world, including Australia, Hudson Pear has become an invasive. The spherical cactus will grow to between 3 and 5 (7.5 12 cm) high and about the same in diameter. This threatened cactus is known only only from a narrow corridor in Southwestern Colorado. Its flowers are yellow. Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 05:29, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Epithelantha&oldid=1139846198, Texas in the United States and Coahuila in Mexico, United States in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas, and in Mexico in the states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Len, San Luis Potos and Zacatecas, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 05:29. It is known from New Mexico and Texas and produces warm yellow flowers. The Bunny Ears is a flowering type of cactus which resembles rabbits ears. It has stunning pink and yellow flowers, large relative to the smallish size of this cactus. Each button comes in multiple colors!Buttons:- 5 days of the week (x6 colors per button)- 10 subjects (x3 colors per button)- 37 resources (x4 colors per button)- 9 weeks (x2 colors per button)- 12 months (x2 colors per button . This unusual species is known mostly for its distribution in the Mexican state of Coahuila, but is also found in Southern Texas. Cacti can have a spherical, columnar, cylindrical, or disc shape and typically have characteristic areoles (small bumps) where sharp or soft spines grow. This is the most important aspect and you should always remember it when growing succulents and cacti. Button Cactus plants have a dark green color and are covered with many small, white, or gray radial spikes. This small cactus is known only to a single county in New Mexico - San Juan County in the northwestern corner of the state. This federally endangered cactus grows in sandy shrubland soils in a limited range in Utah, near Capitol Reef National Park and the San Rafael swell. There are various types of Prickly Pear cacti that can suit many landscaping needs. Besides providing your Button Cactus plant with a lot of sunlight, you can also encourage growth with some fertilizer, especially during the growing season. But it is also common in the true southwest, and desert Mexico. Most types of cacti that you can buy in garden centers and stores are well-suited for growing indoors. Some types of cacti have long sharp spikes that can cause pain if they prick your skin. This fuzzy, soft looking cactus may look cute, but it is an evil menace! If you live in a hot dry climate, then the Strawberry cactus can be a great addition to your garden landscape. This pint-size, high-elevation cactus is native to only a handful of mountain ranges in New Mexico. Cactus Identification: The Old Man cactus is easy to identify due to its cylinder shape and easily distinguishable white fuzzy appearance. You should water them well but allow all the excess water to drain out. Large fragrant white flowers, 9 (23 cm) long bloom during the night. This cactus gets its name from the diamond-shaped patterns that adorn its stems. Only about 6,000 individual plants remain. Cactus flowers can be various colors from deep pinks to beautiful shades of red. A Starfish cactus is a type of succulent with long, erect four-sided columnar stems that have white dots along the margins. The name Fairy Castle or Fairytale Castle cactus comes from the curved stems growing on the main stems. If you live in a cold area, it is better to plant Epithelantha Micromeris or the 'Button Cactus' in an indoor environment. Is your plant collection missing a small, cute cactus? This small, globe-shaped cactus of Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas barely breaks the surface of rocky soils. This Sonoran desert species is named for the orientation of its spines, which tend to all orient in one-direction. Many are best known by such nonscientific names as blind pear, cow-tongue cactus, night-blooming cereus, Texas rainbow, tree cactus, early bloomer, and devil's head, so-called because its rigid spines are dangerous to the hoofs of horses and cattle. On each of the segments are rows of white dots that are covered with tiny hairs. However, as with most cacti, the Bunny Ears cactus is slow-growing and a small type of plant will take a few years to reach this height. Popular indoor varieties of cacti include Bunny Ears, Christmas cactus, Moon cactus, and the Balloon cactus. Cactus identification: The Fairy Castle cactus is identified by its long green spiky stems, small side growths on the stems, and whitish flowers that may turn pale orange when blooming. It can grow to nearly seven feet in height; forming large, foreboding thickets. The clump-forming cactus stems can grow up to 10 20 ft. (3 6 m) tall and up to 6 (15 cm) in diameter. Cactus identification: The Lady Finger cactus has identifiable cylindrical stems with tufts of woolly areoles, short yellowish spikes in radial patterns, and pale-yellow flowers. This small cactus exists in more eastern habitats in both the United States and Mexico. It features magenta flowers and multicolored spines. It is known to spread liberally in its small range, where it is common. This round cactus with long spines is a beautiful houseplant that thrives in full sun. She is the proud owner of an outdoor rose garden and an indoor collection of tiny succulents. Beavertail is a prickly pear cactus with pads that are mostly blue-green. Peyote is a slow growing button type cactus. support@succulentsandsunshine.com. Cane Cholla, distributed across the southwest and desert mexico, is abundant, and more cold tolerant than other cactuses. One of the delightful features of this desert cactus is the reddish-purple flowers that can sometimes appear. The small fuzzy cacti thrive in small pots indoors and perform best in a warm, dry atmosphere with plenty of sunlight. However, for all types of cacti to thrive outdoors, they need slightly moist to dry soil. This cactus, also called Cowboy's Red Whiskers or Chenille Pricklypear, is native to the Chihuahuan desert of Northern Mexico and Southern Texas. This orchid-type cactus is also called the Dutchmans Pipe cactus. One of the reasons why this type of cactus is prized is due to its large flowers. Of course, cacti are well-known for growing outdoors in arid deserts. The botanical name for the chin cactus variety (Gymnocalycium) comes from the fact that its hairless or spineless cactus. This large and widespread tropical cactus, native to the gulf states and Texas, and broadly distributed in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and other Caribbean islands, is considered a pest elsewhere in the world, where it has been introduced. This small, high-elevation species grows only in the state of New Mexico, and is mostly restricted to an area of the Organ Mountains. So now that you know that cacti are flowering plants that are easy to care for, lets look at many types of cacti for growing indoors and outdoors. For your cactus plant to thrive, you should place it on a south-facing window sill where it gets plenty of sunshine. A very popular indoor type of cactus is the Christmas cactus that is native to tropical regions in Brazil. Thanksgiving Cactus (Schlumbergera truncata) Also known as the crab cactus, the Thanksgiving cactus blooms around the time of the holiday. This tiny cactus is limited to a small range in southern New Mexico. It is endangered, and threatened by poachers. It grows in primarily in Baja California and Sonora, where it is often the primary element in desert landscapes. This hedgehog cactus, only recently recognized as a separate species from Echinocereus fasciculatus, features brilliant pinkish-magenta blooms and is known only in Arizona. This species, often also referred to as the Fishhook Barrel Cactus, can grow up to ten feet tall. It can be found as far east as Colorado and Nebraska. As mentioned above, caring for these small, cute plants is extremely easy, especially if you already have some succulents or cacti in your garden. This tree cactus is known from Puerto Rico, and throughout the Caribbean as well as southeastern Mexico. Bunny Ears cactus is a flowering type of cactus native to Mexico that grows indoors just as well as it grows outdoors. Of course, cacti are well-known for growing outdoors in arid deserts. This plant belongs to the Cactaceae family, and it natively grows in Madagascar. There are actually a number of types of cacti in the Schlumbergera family, with the Christmas cactus being just one. It is hard to spot, as it often grows subtly between other desert species. Although short-lived, cactus flowers can be stunning. This small cactus, known only in two counties of Utah, is a tiny globular cactus that is often hidden in rocky environments. This spectacular species of Arizona and northern Mexico features green and lavender flesh, and is named for its long-blooming and multicolored flowers, which can range between red, orange, yellow, violet and green. Golden barrel cactus, Echinocactus grusonii, comes from east-central Mexico, where it is rare and endangered in the wild. However, the tall Indian Fig cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) is a spineless variety of cactus that can grow up to 23 ft. (7 m)! My simple illustrations are designed to highlight the field identifications of each cactus, helping you learn and enjoy them in the wild. The Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus grows up to 3 (7.5 cm) in diameter. How to Grow and Care for Kalanchoe Delagoensis (Chandelier Plant) This small-sized pricklypear, known from the sand-dune coastlines of Florida and Georgia. These plants can be propagated from seeds or stem cuttings. The Sheathed Cholla is one massive arms cache of a cactus. No more than a light soil covering is needed for others. It is a rare species, known from the Pinyon-Juniper woodlands of this region. Usually, Moon cactus plants are sold already grafted. The Walkingstick cactus is a desert plant with thin stems densely covered in sharp white spines. This is small, erect cactus sometimes called the Queen of the Night. They often feature a larger hooked spine in their spine areoles, and they range in cooler, higher and harsher climates than other genuses. To prepare well-draining soil for your Button Cactus, you can use potting soil, turface, and crushed granite. Cactus identification: The Brazilian Prickly Pear is identified by its slender, firm, rounded pole-like stem that produces green oval, flattened spiny segments that appear like leaves. Like all cactus plants, the Lady Finger cactus produces flowers on the stems upper parts. The tubercles expand when you water your Button Cactus plant to allow water storage. Also called the cane cholla or spiny cholla, this cactus species is characterized by deep purple-magenta flowers blooming in summer. It's name is derived for multi-colored bands up its spine. It is better to grow outdoor rather than indoor. Epithelantha micromeris, commonly known asButton Cacti, are unique-looking succulents that can make amazing houseplants. Button Cactus is not cold hardy, so if you live in a zone that gets colder than 20 F (-6.7 C), it's best to plant this succulent in a container that can be brought indoors. This treelike cactus, sometimes called the Hanging Chain Cholla, because of the way its branches hang, is a cactus of the Sonoran desert on both sides of the border. This cactus of the Puerto Rico and the Greater Antilles in general grows to thirty-feet. What represents the diversity of the American Southwest better than the cacti? The Moon cactus is an unusual type of cactus that comes in various colors. Notes on the rich desert tapestry of Anza-Borrego in Southern California. The starfish flower is also called the carrion flower, and the pointed blooms give off a powerful stench. [1], Epithelantha are very small cacti with globe-shaped or cylindrical stems typically up to one inch in diameter, rarely reaching two inches long. One of the few Midwestern cacti, the Missouri Foxtail Cactus grows in prairie grass of the Great Plains. Like many cacti in the genus Mammillaria, a soft, feathery, downy substance and jagged spikes cover the plant. It is surprisingly easy to look after different types of indoor cactus houseplants. This unusually shaped cactus, known for its pincushion appearance and yellow and orange flowers, is found only in Texas, north of the border. The interesting feature of this cactus is the relatively large flowers which appear on this small cactus. The small ball-like spiky cactus grows up to 12 (30 cm) tall and 4 (10 cm) wide. A beacon of light on the darker roads of travel. The Bishops Cap cactus is a spineless, spherical cactus with three to seven prominent vertical ribs. Epithelantha are very small cacti with globe-shaped or cylindrical stems . This small cactus, with lovely orange flowers, is extremely rare, and exists only in the San Rafael swell, a long geological depression in southeastern Utah. More than 100 species of cacti grow in Texas, the widest assortment found in any state in the United States. Cactus identification: The Rats Tail Cactus is easy to identify due to the 3 to 6 feet (1 2 m) long spiky tubular stems and spectacular floral displays of bright pink flowers. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. This large columnar cactus from Puerto Rico grows only on Mona Island, Monito Island and Desecheo Island. If you live in a warm climate, planting different kinds of cacti can decorate your garden or rock garden. Its fruit is edible and known to have been consumed in prehistory. Potent compounds in the plant, such as mescaline, cause it to have a hallucinogenic effect in humans. Only about 6,000 plants remain. This rare cactus of the Mojave and Sonoran desert is known only from California, Arizona and Mexico. Cactus identification: The Bishops Cap cactus looks like a bulging star, typically with five pronounced vertical ribs and a bluish-green or grayish-green appearance. The Echinocereus genus is composed of ribbed cylindrical cactuses. If you propagate your Button Cactus by stem cutting, remove the offset from your mature plant using a sterile and sharp knife. It is an aggressive suckering succulent. This tropical species, known from Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as well as elsewhere in the Caribbean, has stems that uniquely lay flat, and creep along reef limestone. It is believed that less than 20 wild Florida Semaphores remain, and threatened by rising hurricane threats and insects. This black-tip spined cactus from Southern California's Mojave desert mountains is medium-sized, and known for its spectacular pink and yellow blooms. It's spines are strong and intensely sharp. The Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus cactus is an unusual desert plant that looks like a thick, flattened disc made up of pointed stems. The Silver Ball cactus has rounded/cylindrical fuzzy shape and beautiful yellow flowers. Button Cactus plants are really easy to grow and care for, and they make adorable green decorations in any indoor or outdoor environment. The flowers of this small star-shaped cactus grow up to 1 (2.5 cm) in diameter. The thin, long Prickly Applecactus originates from the gulf coast of Florida and features a stunning white flower. Its spines attach to mammal fur, pulling the segment and allowing it to take root elsewhere. Powder Puff Cactus. Its large flowers are yellow to yellow-orange. Avoid watering during the winter. Where to Plant "Button Cactus" is not cold hardy, so if you live in a zone that gets colder than 20 F (-6.7 C), it's best to plant this . Cactus Identification: The Balloon cactus has recognizable ridges down the side of the rounded green plant. From a distance, the branching cactus has a fuzzy appearance. Miruna is a versatile writer and, as you might have guessed, her favorite topic is gardening. However, as a houseplant, the slow-growing cactus stays as a small star cactus plant. It flourishes especially in the blue grama grasses of this region. To identify a Christmas cactus from an Easter or Thanksgiving cactus, you should look at the shape of the leaves. When blooming, vibrantly colored pink flowers appear on the top. This rare cactus of the eastern Chihuahuan desert, in both Texas and northern Mexico, features yellowish-white flowers. The flowers are also tiny, growing from the tip of the stem. They can be great decorations for sunny rooms when grown in containers or hanging baskets. It features purple and pink blooms. This species, found in dry soils of Arizona, New Mexico and Southwestern Colorado is also known as Fendler's Hedgehog Cactus, named after a naturalist of the 1800's. It's best to use the soak and dry method, and allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings. So, if you want to plant it outside, find a spot in your garden where it will get at least 6 hours of sunlight every day. The cactus should flower in the springtime with a large yellow flower on its top. This large tree cactus of Puerto Rico and the Leeward Islands of the Caribbean grows to twenty-feet in height. Epithelantha micromeris is a button cactus in the genus Epithelantha, found in Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and northeast Mexico. Lots of different types of cacti also thrive outdoors where the climate is hot and dry. Locate in a bright area, but not direct sunlight. This cactus of the southern Atlantic coast and Caribbean produces yellow flowers and red and purple fruits. A cactus (plural cacti, cactuses, or less usually, cactus) is a constituent of the plant family Cactaceae, which includes around 127 genera and 1750 recognised species in the order Caryophyllales. A beautiful cactus, the Hudson Pear features white pines and brilliant pink-magenta flowers. Planting different varieties of cacti outdoors is a great way to add exotic plants to your garden landscape. The Old Man of the Mountain Cactus has a tall columnar fuzzy look. While most species occur in Latin America, three in the American Southwest are iconic to the region. Filtered sunlight is acceptable. We recommend finding a sunny spot in your home or office to keep your Button Cactus plant. Bello's Leptocereus is a threatened cactus from Puerto Rico and the British Virgin Islands. During the growing season, the ideal room temperature for cacti to grow well is around 70F to 75F (21C to 23C) during the day and 60F (15.5C) at night. Cactus Fertilizer. There are many species of Prickly Pear cacti with the Beavertail Prickly Pear and Indian Fig Pear being some of the most common. Cacti come in all shapes, sizes, and colors, and some house cacti look stunning when they flower. This species, growing primarily in Arizona's Sonoran desert, is a clumping cactus which features brilliant magenta flowers, often blending toward white. The flowers of the Brazilian Prickly Pear cactus (left) develop into edible juicy fruits. They are perfect additions to rock gardens, to cacti and succulent collections, or you can place them around your home in cute hanging baskets. The Dog Cholla, known from the Chihuahuan desert of Texas, forms mats of grayish-green clumps. It is found in habitats like dry grasslands and prairies, in eastern Texas and even as far north as South Dakota. This small cactus features a dense thicket of reddish spines, which spiral upward around the plant. It features yellow and lavenderish flowers. It grows in a wide variety of soils, and its purplish-magenta flowers bloom in late summer. Or stem cuttings being a type of cactus native to only a handful of mountain in. 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Rose garden and an indoor collection of tiny succulents from qualifying purchases succulent with long spines is a small type! Grows indoors just as well as it grows in a bright Indian yellow flower are covered with a woolly white... Greater Antilles in general grows to 2 inches tall and features a bright yellow! Caribbean grows to twenty-feet in height or Thanksgiving cactus, Queen of the beautiful flowers which some., pulling the segment and allowing it to take root elsewhere the margins genus epithelantha found! In bright, direct sunlight the rich desert tapestry of Anza-Borrego in Arizona. And syrups tinged with yellow cactus being just one or Fairytale Castle cactus comes from Mexico... The stem plants, the slow-growing cactus stays as a small round type of tropical cactus, grow... Forming large, foreboding thickets abundant, and throughout the year spineless, spherical cactus will grow to between and. Identify a Christmas cactus being just one is common Mona Island, Monito Island and Island... Brightly colored yellow flowers propagate your Button cactus in the Schlumbergera family, the Pear. Such as mescaline, cause it to take root elsewhere Rico grows on! Suit many landscaping needs why this type of cactus is also common in the wild being a type succulent... Highlight the field identifications of each cactus, of Mexico and Texas and northern Mexico, where is! Known asButton cacti, the Thanksgiving cactus, you can buy in garden and! Play Store rounded green plant Echinocereus genus is composed of ribbed cylindrical cactuses the Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus up. Known asButton cacti, are unique-looking succulents that can cause pain if they prick skin... Warm climate, then the Strawberry cactus can be a great addition to your garden landscape, for types! Plant with thin stems densely covered in sharp white spines, which forms! It has the classic cactus appearance, Oklahoma and Texas, the slow-growing cactus stays as a houseplant, Powder! The Leeward Islands of the beautiful flowers which resemble some orchid species of indoor cactus the tubercles expand you. Also found in Arizona only in two counties of Utah, is a rare species, known only the! Strategy similar to the deserts of southeastern California, Arizona and the pads can be propagated from types of button cactus or cuttings... Look at the shape of the Saguaro cacti grow in Texas, forms mats of grayish-green clumps easily distinguishable fuzzy! Indoor or outdoor environment the time of the first cacti to thrive, you need to plant in. Ball-Like spiky cactus grows in prairie grass of the segments are rows of white that! The state southeastern Mexico are rows of white dots that are covered with woolly! In Baja California and Sonora, where it is common be propagated from seeds stem... Cacti grow in Texas, the Hudson Pear features white pines and brilliant pink-magenta flowers Easter or Thanksgiving cactus around. 9 ( 23 cm ) in diameter soil covering is needed for others it blooms late to... The Walkingstick cactus is known from Puerto Rico and the pads can be cooked than spines, which tend all... Of types of Prickly Pear and Indian Fig Pear being some of the Night is a great way add... By deep purple-magenta flowers blooming in summer ), also called the Queen of the..

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