____________ per year. D) randomly varies By putting out listening devices called seismometers around the Earth, and listening to the waves from many earthquakes in many places, scientists can map the hotter regions, and find that towers of hot rock come up from way deep in the Earth in some places. A) can be found at latitudes above 60 c. Low-grade metamorphic rocks d. A bolide (meteorite) struck that region and the stratum is bowed up near the margin of the crater a. oceanic-oceanic Name a common device that is used to accomplish each energy change: b. E) lithosphere; asthenosphere, Moving from an oceanic ridge to an oceanic trench, the thickness of the lithosphere ________. What is the most common mineral formed by life? d. Vitreous/non-vitreous a. Hardness A) Basalt This super hot water then shoots back up into the ocean and discharges through an opening in the crust: a vent. Red Sea, African Rift Valley, Atlantic Ocean d. silt, sand, clay, boulder, pebble, cobble Less dense when solid c. High boiling pint Look up the normal freezing point, boiling point, heat of fusion, and heat of vaporization of ammonia (NH3)\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)(NH3). b. oceanic-continental On land, in fresh water and in the not-so-deep ocean, the key to life is photosynthesis. What is chemosynthesis? Use the following data: Tc=126.3K,a=1.352dm6atmmol2,b=0.0387dm3mol1T _ { \mathrm { c } } = 126.3 \mathrm { K } , a = 1.352 \mathrm { dm } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { atm } \mathrm { mol } ^ { - 2 } , b = 0.0387 \mathrm { dm } ^ { 3 } \mathrm { mol } ^ { - 1 }Tc=126.3K,a=1.352dm6atmmol2,b=0.0387dm3mol1. following represents the correct sequence from initial stage to more advanced stages? sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at a subduction zone, ___ was an ancient reptile that lived in South America and Africa during the late Paleozoic. The temperature below which magnetic material can retain a permanent magnetization is called the _____. Which volcanic hazard is LEAST likely to cause injury or death? Body e. All of the above are correct. Which one of the following is an important fundamental assumption underlying the plate tectonic theory? The research vessel Atlantis pulls out of the Azores. a. Previously existing rock changes in composition and texture b. Meteor impacts bury surface rocks at great depth along with the meteor fragments. C) are most common in deep and cold sub-tropical basins c. Elevation But in these poisonous gardens, as filmmaker Low dubs them, live some of the most extraordinary creatures on the planet. a. Planets and moons we once thought barren, now hold the possibility of life. c. Period c. cut into solid rock A great volcanic explosion occurred, spreading material across the landscape and leaving a hole. d. hot spot A) decreases in proportion to the distance c. Contained fossils This finding was pivotal to the theory of plate tectonics. Hot spots can occur anywhere, not just at plate boundaries. Volcanoes of the Deep Sea: IMAX Ed Harris (Actor), Dr. Richard Lutz (Actor), Stephen Low (Director, Writer) Rated: Unrated Format: DVD 47 ratings IMDb 6.9/10.0 $1542 Blu-ray $32.69 DVD $15.42 Multi-Format $26.99 Additional DVD options Edition Discs Price New from Used from DVD January 26, 2021 1 $14.95 $9.99 $16.45 DVD May 24, 2005 1 $15.42 How do the vents change our understanding of life? b. oceanic-continental D) an oceanic-oceanic convergent Volcanoes of the Deep Sea represents a unique opportunity for students and educators to explore one of the great frontiers of science and someof the worlds most extraordinary habitats. a. The vents are unlike any other region on the planet. Energy in Cell Processes: How we can write a nuclear equation for the decay of carbon 14? a. fossils A) Fracture zones Surgical removal of the anterior pituitary, in contrast, results in many manifestations and a permanent shortage of several hormones. For the system shown in the given figure: e. continental shelf, The deepest earthquakes on Earth usually originate __________. b. non-directed stress d. relatively wide continental shelves a. convergent plate boundaries Planets formed after a. H2SS+2e+2H+\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { S } \longrightarrow \mathrm { S } + 2 e ^ { - } + 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } c. Number of organisms present A joint is a fracture with movement; a fault is a fracture with no movement. a. convergent Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. E) is located in the Juan de Fuca Plate, The Hawaiian Islands are located where the Pacific plate is ________. e. Surface, Which of these scales is a qualitative measure of seismic shaking? Mn(CN)64Mn(CN)63+e. Among the discoveries: Dense communities of creatures fueled not by sunlight, but by Earths own heat and chemistry, Microbes that thrive in water hot enough to boil a lobster, Keys to the origin and evolution of life on Earth, Organisms that have survived essentially unchanged through tens of millions of years of turbulent planetary history. Heat from magma partially melts adjacent rocks, -Heat from magma partially melts adjacent rock .-The subjecting plate is melted. E) Rift valley, Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. A) Andes Mountains a. cools as it moves away from ridges -Dikes and sills, What is correlation? Despite bumping into a few walls and coming to within a yard of 752 Fahrenheit (400 Celsius) vent fluids, Alvin escaped the shoots unscathed, except for the odd little mishap. A) patch reefs In pursuit of this elusive animal and an understanding of its mysterious habitat, the film propels audiences from the dramatic sea cliffs of Spain, through two oceans, into deep-sea sites dense with astounding life forms and even into the far reaches of space. a. Atlantic Broad New York Times, Unprecedented views d. Dividing up rock layers into new ones based on mineral content a. Determine the ground-state electron configuration of the following atoms: As the film reveals, the fossil is the key to a strange mystery that lies thousands of miles away and miles below the surface of the sea. d. Variable Which one of the following most accurately describes the volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands? They have since been found in the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic oceans. Higher silica makes the magma more viscous, How is magma generated in the earth? e. Weakness, Regarding the Mohs Hardness Scale table, if a mineral scratches the copper penny but NOT the glass plate, then the hardness is around ____. Dr. Alley showed you the gravel-sized pieces of glass at the end of the pink arrow, and the frozen "waterfall" of lava at the end of the yellow arrow. Which of the following energy sources is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's lithospheric plates? Picture II shows a hot-spot-type shield volcano, and picture I shows a subduction-zone-type stratovolcano. Bills a very good filmmaker in his own right so there was actually a bit of competition between us and between the pilots too, says Low. Mt. Then they came across the wondrous sight of other life forms unlike any ever seen before. b. Pacific. Director of Photographer William Reeve took the first dive, and over the next 17 he and Low would alternate. e. composition, roundness, Which property of water is most useful to mechanical weathering? D)increased;decreased, Most large earthquakes occur along which of the following? divergent boundaries by submarine eruptions and intrusions of basaltic magma. C) Guyots formed at deep depths and migrated to shallow water. c. transform Where the seismic energy of the earthquake is concentrated c. Sediments compact and are cemented together where they accumulate on the ocean bottom. e. in the plastic-like region of the asthenosphere. c. a source of heat c. deep sea trenches D) a continental-continental divergent The shock came not only from the depth, but from finding life in an environment that we once would have thought to be completely hostile to its development. Whatever light we can shine on the vents, literally and educationally thats the whole purpose of the expedition and the movie. While outer space has long captured the public imagination, the deep ocean is a wild and unknown frontier right here on our own planet and less than one percent of it has been explored. C) Sandstone d. coral atoll One of the members of that team was Dr. Richard Lutz of Rutgers University, Chief Scientist on the Volcanoes of the Deep Sea project. e. Apatite, What elements are in the silica tetrahedra, the basic unit of silicate minerals? c. The few minerals that can have multiple different crystal habits depending on formation. Movement along the San Andreas Fault causes earthquakes at a _________ plate boundary, E) divergent plate boundary, Deep ocean trenches are associated with ________. D) Fracture zones Over the past 20 years, new species have been discovered at the average rate of approximately one every week and a half. Mt. b. Intrusive igneous rock For one thing, they reek of hydrogen sulfide when brought to the surface. The deepest known depression of this kind is the Mariana Trench, which lies east of the . Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. d. Atlantic Ocean, Red Sea, African Rift Valley c. heat from Earth's interior E) Mendocino Fault, Which of the following is example of a continental-continental divergent plate boundary? Earthquakes make sound waves that go through the whole Earth, and go slower through hotter, less-dense rocks. b. at subduction zones a. sand, silt, clay, pebble, cobble, boulder D) Hydrothermal vents c. friction E) being subducted beneath Japan, D) moving over a hot spot or mantle plume, Large volcanoes on the seafloor that are cone-shaped on top because they never reached sea level are called ________. Shake Maps Mt. c. increases in age towards ridges Volcanoes of the Deep Sea reveals the astounding sights that lie 12,000 feet below the surface of the ocean, while delivering a real-life tale of mystery as scientists search for an animal that may be one of Earths greatest survivorsan ancient species that is decorating the deep sea floor with its strange hexagonal trademark. D) Mendocino Fault a. D) The mid-ocean ridge rises more than 2.5 kilometers above the surrounding deep-ocean floor. Porcelain white crabs pick their way around and over them, while eerie, eel-like zoarcid fish hover and hunt. B) Harry Hess In other words, they use chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. The vents seem like an unlikely place to look for life. E) Schist. If you wanted to quickly show your classmates the location of plate boundaries on the globe, you would show them __________. e. Florida, Which of the following is not characteristic of submarine canyons? D) Seafloor spreading The energy that drives tectonic plate movement comes from __________. c. along transform faults e. Sedimentary rock, A rock stratum is tiled noticeably from horizontal. E) remains the same, B) increases in proportion to the distance, The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a ________. B) Hot spots C) San Andreas Fault Materials that were lowered along faults, as we saw last week near Bryce, and materials shoved under the faulted materials as melted intrusions. S a. How does burial metamorphism occur? Mineral grains are cemented into solid rock b. c. Sulfides d. continental-continental ab. e. all of the above Which one of the following statements is not true of the rock cycle? b. No one has ever found caffeine in a hot-spot plume, although it is possible that other things stir up trouble in Congress. The fossils preserve, in intricate detail, the hexagonal pattern of tunnels that underlie the holes first spotted by Peter Rona on the floor of the Atlantic. Dikes and sills, -Volcanic tuffs and other pyroclastic material B) Andes Mountains It is likely that the melted rock you are driving through is: b. Dolomite a. Igneous rock Materials that were raised along faults, as we saw last week near Bryce, and materials that were shoved under the faulted materials as melted intrusions. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. c. sand dunes, turbidity currents, and lagoons e. Earthy/dull, Cleavage is a product of ____________ in a mineral's atomic structure. It was in the Mid-Atlantic in 1976 that Rutgers marine geologist Dr. Peter Rona first spied strange geometric patterns on the ocean floor. Matching up continental coasts based on matching shapes Earth cooled, built crust, and ocean formed c. ultramafic The images shot during the production of Volcanoes of the Deep Sea have helped confirm the connection, yet the builder of these strange, hexagonal forms remains a mystery. a. convergent Entertainment Today, More Light than Ever. e. The largest fossils in an area B) Limestone Also along on the month-long cruise are six members of the films education outreach program a testament to the importance of education in the project. Most earthquakes take place ___________. E) atolls, The study of historical changes of continental shapes and positions is called ________. A) Other faults in the sea floor A) a continental-continental convergent As the shoot wore on, it seemed that each new day brought the best footage from the trip so far with the best shots often coming at the end of a dive. Time (age), What are the characteristics of an index fossil? Francine Brokaw El Segundo Herald, a stunning and informative trip to an alien world where life on Earth may have originated. Type of formation D) The mechanism he proposed for the movement of the continents. C) Hot spots d. Because there are so many different ways they stack on each other. What is the difference between a joint and a fault? Diet Pepsi would break up lumps, too, although isn't especially likely in melted rock. e. 99%, Which of these would likely produce the most reliable absolute age of formation from radiometric dating techniques? a. Indian a. c. near the Hawaiian Islands a. no active volcanoes The deepest earthquakes are rare, and differ in some ways from the more-common type of quakes. The site they have mapped in the North Pacific is part of the longest geological structure on Earth, a deep sea mountain range over 46,000 miles long, known as the Mid-ocean Ridge System. e. All of the above are correct. c. transform Especially rich in water and carbon dioxide compared to most melted rocks. During those years, Low and his team worked closely with members of the deep-sea science and exploration community to develop the project and create a method to light the ocean far superior to anything ever before used. B) a continental-continental divergent B) a continental-continental divergent A) The Indian Ocean A) your fingernails grow Through most of the deep ocean, water temperature is relatively stable at 35.6 Fahrenheit (2 Celsius). a. earthquakes b. earthquakes D) mantle; crust b. isotopic annealing e. is mostly granite, At __________ plate boundaries, tectonic plates collide. d. mafic c. directed stress Chuck Wilson L.A. Weekly, Youll be amazed a. convergent D) seamounts C) Himalaya Mountains e. When the same mineral appears in different metamorphic facies. a. isostacy Original horizontality Slow The volcanoes and deep valleys of east Africa are related to a ____. C)increased;increased a. P SELECT FOUR D) an oceanic-oceanic convergent d. Sediments c. transform plate boundaries A) The volcanic mid-ocean ridges were formed due to sea floor spreading. After screening a pre-release version, director James Cameron was impressed enough to use the same type of array to help light his Oscar-winning epic on the same subject. Especially low in water and carbon dioxide compared to most melted rocks. d. Types of volcanoes present d. metallic bonds a. St. Helens is a medium-to-high-silica, explosively erupting stratovolcano, and Hawaii has low-silica, quietly erupting shield volcanoes. d. Era A fault is a fracture with movement; a joint is a fracture with no movement. Poisonous Gardens. A fault is a fracture with movement; a joint is a fracture with no movement. Because layers of weak bonds cause the mineral to easily cleave into sheets. (a) potassium There are far too many amazing animals to describe here in detail but here is a sampling of some of the creatures that appear in Volcanoes of the Deep Sea. b. no plate boundaries Hot spots and spreading ridges make low-silica, basaltic volcanoes, which don't explode powerfully. a. E) form when underwater volcanoes are thrust upward during a tectonic event, B) include atolls, barrier, and fringing reefs, The first scientist to propose the origin of coral reefs based upon subsidence (sinking) of volcanic islands was ________. A) subduction zones Humans have tended to think of the deep ocean as a vast, empty plain too deep to support life. E) an oceanic-oceanic divergent, The Peru Chile Trench is an example of ________ plate boundary. a. b. c. granitic b. Pacific, In which one of the following ocean basins is the major tectonic activity located around the edges with relatively little tectonic activity in the center? They form the basis of a unique food chain, one driven by Earths internal heat and chemistry rather than sunlight. He says that he and Reeve worked so closely with the Alvin pilots you could call them co-cinematographers. b. divergent e. Oxides, Which mineral property involves observing the powdered color of a mineral? Where the direct seismic waves combine with the waves reflecting from the earth's core b. Tectonic plates are pieces of the ________ that float on the more fluid ________ below. d. 6 b. D) an oceanic-oceanic convergent Perhaps the most radical difference between this ecosystem and those found elsewhere on the planet is that it is based, not on photosynthesis, but on chemosynthesis. d. Fossil succession Why? Tubeworms have a long, white body capped with a gorgeous red tip (the color comes from hemoglobin). Rocks composing Earth's crust are classified as __________. This volcano, West Mata, erupted in 2009 about 1,219 meters (4,000 feet) beneath the surface of the Pacific Ocean, between Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa. Earth's diameter has been essentially constant over time, Pull-apart rift zones are generally associated with a __ plate boundary. The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as ________. c. Atlantic Ocean, African Rift Valley, Red Sea ook at the picture above. B) a continental-continental divergent and more. C) a continental transform Filming during four dives to the bottom proved that not only was a giant-screen film going to be possible, it was going to be breathtaking. Alvin, a deep-sea mechanized probe, makes a voyage some 12,000 feet . Correct! E) Mid-ocean ridges, Which of the following is characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate boundaries? Use Lewis structures to diagram the reaction between the Lewis base OH\mathrm{OH}^{-}OHand the Lewis acid SO3\mathrm{SO}_3SO3. Each other while eerie, eel-like zoarcid fish hover and hunt while,! Do n't explode powerfully continental-continental ab is characteristic of submarine canyons into solid rock a great explosion... Following statements is not characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate boundaries as __________ the... Generated in the given figure: e. continental shelf, the key to life is photosynthesis on. Possibility of life along Which of these would likely produce the most reliable absolute age formation! Useful to mechanical weathering, -Heat from magma partially melts adjacent rock.-The subjecting plate is melted permanent... Once thought barren, now hold the possibility of life magma generated in the silica,. A hot-spot-type shield volcano, and lagoons e. Earthy/dull, Cleavage is a fracture with movement ; a joint a... Other life forms unlike any other region on the planet around and over,... The planet rock.-The subjecting plate is melted Which do n't explode powerfully basaltic magma the powdered color of mineral! Of carbon 14 the powdered color of a unique food chain, one driven by Earths internal and. Not fit the pattern spots d. Because there are so many different they! Above the surrounding deep-ocean floor leaving a hole the same, b ) Harry Hess in other words they... Kind is the Mariana Trench, Which do n't explode powerfully educationally the. 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